🦴 Part 1: Joint Types and Movement

1. Circle the correct type of joint for each body part:

Elbow:

Hinge joint

Ball-and-socket joint

Pivot joint

Shoulder:

Hinge joint

Ball-and-socket joint

Pivot joint

2. Check all movements that a ball-and-socket joint can perform:

Forward and backward movement

Side-to-side movement

Circular movement

Rotation

💪 Part 2: Muscle Function and Movement

3. Fill in the blanks about antagonistic muscles:

When you bend your elbow, the ____________ muscle contracts while the ____________ muscle relaxes. This is called working in ____________ pairs.

4. Match the muscle action with its definition:

1. Flexion

2. Extension

3. Contraction

4. Relaxation

A. Muscle becomes shorter and tighter

B. Straightening a joint

C. Muscle becomes longer and looser

D. Bending a joint

5. Explain how muscles and joints work together to enable movement:

🔬 Part 3: Investigation Results

6. Draw and label your joint model (hinge or ball-and-socket):

7. Record your muscle contraction timing results:

How long could you hold a muscle contraction? _______ seconds

What happened to your muscle during this time? ________________________

8. Observations from the Palmaris Longus test:

I could see/feel the tendon clearly

I could see/feel the tendon slightly

I could not see/feel the tendon

I did not participate in this test

🏃‍♀️ Part 4: Real-World Applications

9. Choose a sport or physical activity you enjoy. Describe how muscles and joints work together in this activity:

Activity: _________________________

10. Why is it important to understand how muscles and joints work? Check all that apply:

To prevent injuries during exercise

To improve athletic performance

To understand how the body heals

To design better prosthetics and medical devices

To help with rehabilitation after injury

11. Reflection: What surprised you most about how muscles and joints work together?

🧠 Part 5: Extension Challenge

12. Research task: Name one other type of joint (not hinge or ball-and-socket) and describe where it's found in the body:

Joint type: _________________________

Location in body: _________________________

13. Design challenge: If you were to improve your joint model, what would you change and why?

Muscles and Joints Investigation

Muscles and Joints Investigation

🦴 Part 1: Joint Types and Movement

💪 Part 2: Muscle Function and Movement

🔬 Part 3: Investigation Results

🏃‍♀️ Part 4: Real-World Applications

🧠 Part 5: Extension Challenge

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