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Statistics Fundamentals Introduction
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Statistics Fundamentals Introduction
Answer each question. For questions asking for your own example, a suitable example is provided in the answer key.
Statistical language
1.Match each statistical term to its definition.
- Population
- Sample
- Variable
- Statistics
- The practice of gathering, organising and interpreting data
- A feature that is recorded or measured
- The whole group that an investigation is about
- A selected part of the population
2.A council is investigating how residents travel to work. Which group is the population if the council wants to draw conclusions about everyone who lives in the city?
- The 120 residents who answered a survey
- All residents of the city
- All council employees
- Residents who cycle to work
3.Name one everyday situation where statistics could help someone make a decision.
Types of data
Survey variable
Example responses
Preferred music genre
Pop, hip-hop, rock
Travel time to school (minutes)
12, 25, 18
Usual way of getting to school
Bus, walk, bicycle
Number of books read last month
0, 2, 5
4.Using the survey variables and responses in the table, label each variable as categorical or numerical: preferred music genre; travel time to school; usual way of getting to school; number of books read last month.
5.Suggest one categorical variable that could be surveyed among students at a secondary school. Give two possible responses.
6.Suggest one numerical variable that could be measured or counted among students at a secondary school. State whether it is a count or a measurement.
Thinking about investigations
7.A social media post claims that 72% of teenagers in Aotearoa New Zealand prefer streaming films to watching broadcast television. Write two questions you would ask before deciding whether the claim is convincing.
8.A researcher wants to estimate which subject is most popular across a secondary school with students in Years 9–13. Which sampling plan is most likely to represent the whole school?
- Ask only students in the researcher's form class
- Ask students from each year level, selected fairly
- Ask only students who volunteer at lunchtime
- Ask all the school's teachers
9.Explain why asking fairly selected students from every year level is more useful for this investigation than asking only one form class.
10.Write a statistical question about your school or community that could be answered by collecting data. Name one variable you would record.
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