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Storm Effects on Habitats

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Storm Effects on Habitats

A severe storm has crossed a New Zealand coastal reserve. Read the evidence below, then answer the questions to work out how the storm changed the habitat, which organisms may be affected, and what recovery actions are sensible.

Storm evidence

Before the storm: the dune was covered with marram grass, which held the sand in place. A small stream ran clearly through the reserve. Insects lived among the dune plants, and fish and herons were seen in the stream. After the storm: strong waves washed away part of the dune, leaving bare sand. Salt water flooded the stream, and the water became cloudy with stirred-up sand. Fewer insects were seen among the damaged plants. Some fish were found sheltering in a calmer pool upstream. Herons were still seen near the stream. Food-web evidence: herons eat fish from the stream's lower size range. These fish eat aquatic insects. Insects live among the dune plants.

1.Which change to the dune is described in the evidence?
  • Part of the dune was washed away, leaving bare sand.
  • The dune became covered in more marram grass.
  • The dune was flooded by the stream.
2.Complete the food-web statement using the evidence: Herons eat .
3.Give one reason the fish may have moved to the calmer pool upstream.
4.Choose the recovery action most likely to help hold dune sand in place as the habitat recovers.
  • Replant marram grass on the bare dune.
  • Remove the remaining dune plants.
  • Stir up more sand in the stream.

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