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ECG Interpretation and Analysis
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ECG Interpretation and Analysis
📊 Part 1: ECG Fundamentals
1. What does ECG stand for?
Electrocardiogram
Electrocardiology
Electronic Cardiac Graph
Electrical Cardiac Generator
2. Which of the following are standard ECG lead placements? (Select all that apply)
Right arm (RA)
Left leg (LL)
V1-V6 chest leads
Behind the neck
3. A normal resting heart rate for adults is:
40-60 bpm
60-100 bpm
100-120 bpm
120-140 bpm
4. The P wave on an ECG trace represents:
Ventricular depolarisation
Atrial depolarisation
Ventricular repolarisation
Atrial repolarisation
📈 Part 2: ECG Analysis and Interpretation
5. Label the following components of a normal ECG waveform in the diagram below:
Components to label: P wave, QRS complex, T wave, PR interval, QT interval
6. Explain what happens in the heart during the QRS complex:
7. Calculate the heart rate if there are 15 QRS complexes in a 10-second ECG strip:
8. A prolonged PR interval (>0.2 seconds) may indicate:
Normal heart function
First-degree heart block
Ventricular tachycardia
Atrial fibrillation
⚕️ Part 3: Common ECG Abnormalities
9. Describe two key features that would help you identify atrial fibrillation on an ECG trace:
10. An ECG showing no P waves and a heart rate of 150 bpm with wide QRS complexes most likely indicates:
Sinus tachycardia
Ventricular tachycardia
Atrial flutter
Normal sinus rhythm
11. Explain why it's important to check lead placement before interpreting an ECG:
12. List three factors that could cause artefacts (interference) on an ECG recording:
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