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Overview

This 4-day unit develops students' ability to multiply two- or three-digit numbers by two-digit numbers using multiple strategies, including the traditional algorithm and the partial products method, culminating in applying skills to real-world problems and an assessment. The lessons align with Common Core State Standard 5.NBT.B.5 and specifically address 5.PAFR1.1 (5th Grade Pennsylvania Academic Framework Reference), emphasizing strategic, conceptual, and procedural understanding.

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Day 1: Strategies to Multiply Large Numbers

Objective

I can use strategies like place value and partial products to multiply a 2-digit number by a 2- or 3-digit number.

Standards

• CCSS.Math.Content.5.NBT.B.5: Fluently multiply multi-digit whole numbers using the standard algorithm.
• 5.PAFR1.1: Use strategies to compute products of a 2- or 3-digit by a 2-digit number.

Success Criteria

• Identify place values in factors up to hundreds and tens.
• Break apart numbers to find partial products.
• Accurately multiply parts to find the total product.

Materials

• Whiteboard & markers
• Place value charts
• Base-ten blocks or place value disks
• Partial products template handouts
• Student whiteboards

Time Breakdown

Activity	Time (minutes)
Introduction / I can & success criteria	5
Direct Instruction: Place value & partial products	15
We Do: Guided partial products problem	10
Pair Share & You Do: Independent partial products problems	15
Intervention / Differentiation	5
Closure & Homework	10

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Lesson Activities

Introduction (5 min)

• Display "I can" statement and success criteria.
• Activate prior knowledge: Review two-digit times two-digit multiplication.

Direct Instruction (15 min)

• Model decomposition of factors using place value charts.
• Demonstrate partial products: multiply each place value component of the factors separately.
• Use base-ten blocks to build understanding.

We Do (10 min)

• Solve 23 × 46 together on the board using partial products.
• Write each step explicitly, emphasizing decomposition and place value.

Pair-Share & You Do (15 min)

• Partners solve 38 × 24 using partial products on whiteboards.
• Circulate, prompting with scaffolded questions to deepen understanding.

Intervention (5 min)

• For students who struggle, offer manipulatives and one-on-one scaffolded practice on simpler factors.

Closure (5 min)

• Review key steps aloud. Highlight the usefulness of place value decomposition.
• Assign homework: two partial products multiplication problems (example: 45 × 27 and 62 × 18).

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Differentiation

• Struggling learners: Use base-ten blocks to visualize multiplication; simplify factors to two-digit by one-digit initially.
• Advanced learners: Challenge with three-digit by two-digit problems and explain reasoning.

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Day 2: Exploring the Traditional Algorithm

Objective

I can multiply two- or three-digit numbers by two-digit numbers using the traditional algorithm.

Success Criteria

• Follow the step-by-step multiplication process accurately.
• Align digits correctly to understand value placement.
• Check work using estimation and partial products.

Materials

• Step-by-step algorithm anchor chart
• Student notebooks
• Practice worksheets
• Place value grids

Time Breakdown

Activity	Time (minutes)
Review & Introduction	5
Direct Instruction: Algorithm steps	15
We Do: Model 123 × 45	10
You Do: Practice problems	15
Pair Share/Peer Review	10
Closure & Homework	5

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Lesson Activities

Review (5 min)

• Recap partial products from yesterday. Connect partial products to the traditional algorithm.

Direct Instruction (15 min)

• Break down the traditional algorithm step-by-step with emphasis on place value and carrying.
• Highlight the link between partial products and algorithm steps.

We Do (10 min)

• Solve 123 × 45 as a class on board, verbalizing each step.

You Do (15 min)

• Independent practice: multiply 231 × 46 and 344 × 52.

Pair Share (10 min)

• Swap notebooks and check each other’s work.
• Discuss common mistakes and correct them together.

Closure (5 min)

• Summarize importance of accurate digit alignment and place value awareness.
• Homework: 215 × 33 and 98 × 47.

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Differentiation

• Struggling learners: Use place value grids alongside algorithm to reinforce digit placement.
• Advanced learners: Pose multi-step word problems involving large number multiplication.

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Day 3: Applying Strategies to Real-World Problems

Objective

I can solve real-world problems by multiplying 2- or 3-digit numbers by 2-digit numbers using strategies I have learned.

Success Criteria

• Read and analyze a word problem carefully.
• Choose an appropriate multiplication strategy.
• Solve and explain the reasoning.

Materials

• Word problem cards
• Graphic organizers for problem-solving steps
• Math journals or notebooks

Time Breakdown

Activity	Time (minutes)
Warm-Up Review	5
Direct Instruction: Problem-solving steps	10
We Do: Solve problem as class	10
You Do: Independent/partner problem solving	20
Pair Share & Discussion	10
Closure & Homework	5

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Lesson Activities

Warm-Up (5 min)

• Quick mental math review multiplying two-digit numbers.

Direct Instruction (10 min)

• Teach a problem-solving framework: Understand, Plan, Solve, Check.
• Emphasize underlining key information and estimating to check results.

We Do (10 min)

• Read a multi-step real-world problem together (e.g., calculating area or total items sold).
• Model strategy choice and computation.

You Do (20 min)

• Students solve word problems in pairs with different numbers and contexts.
• Encourage use of partial products or traditional algorithm.

Pair Share (10 min)

• Discuss different strategies used and how answers were checked.

Closure & Homework (5 min)

• Summarize how strategies can be applied selectively depending on the problem.
• Homework: 2 word problems involving multiplication of 2- or 3-digit by 2-digit numbers.

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Differentiation

• Struggling learners: Use problem cards with visuals and simplified text.
• Advanced learners: Create their own word problems and solve peers’ problems.

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Day 4: Multiplication Assessment & Reflection

Objective

I can demonstrate understanding of multiplying 2- or 3-digit numbers by 2-digit numbers using strategies and solve real-world problems.

Success Criteria

• Accurately compute products using at least two strategies.
• Explain solution steps clearly.
• Successfully apply multiplication in problem-solving context.

Materials

• Assessment papers
• Scratch paper for calculations
• Answer key for teachers

Time Breakdown

Activity	Time (minutes)
Review & Clarifications	10
Assessment: Computation and Word Problems	40
Reflection & Feedback	10

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Assessment Format

• Part 1: Calculate products for 3 multiplication problems (mix of 2- and 3-digit × 2-digit) using any strategy.
• Part 2: Solve 2 real-world multiplication word problems.
• Part 3: Short reflection writing: “Which multiplication strategy do you like best and why?”

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Reflection and Feedback (10 min)

• Share reflections in pairs or small groups.
• Teacher provides feedback and identifies students needing intervention or enrichment.

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Extension Activities

• Challenge: Multiply 3-digit by 3-digit numbers using learned strategies.
• Create and solve real-world multi-step multiplication word problems.

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Additional Notes on Intervention & Support

• Frequently use manipulatives and visual aids to concretize abstract concepts.
• Provide task cards with step-by-step prompts for learners needing support.
• Offer challenge problems and extension tasks for early finishers and advanced learners.

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Homework Summary

• Day 1: Partial products practice problems.
• Day 2: Traditional algorithm multiplication practice.
• Day 3: Word problems applying multiplication strategies.
• Day 4: None (assessment day).

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This 4-day plan ensures mastery of multiplication with multiple strategies anchored in place value understanding and real-world applications, fostering both procedural fluency and conceptual understanding per Common Core standards.