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Texas: Civil War to Reconstruction

Grade 7 History From Secession to Rebuilding 1861-1877

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Texas Before the Civil War

Joined the Union in 1845 Economy based on cotton and slavery Population growing rapidly Strong ties to the South

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Think About It

Why do you think Texas chose to join the Confederacy? What factors influenced this decision?

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Texas Secedes from the Union

February 1, 1861 - Texas votes to secede Governor Sam Houston opposed secession Houston was removed from office Texas joined the Confederate States

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Texas Contributions to the Confederacy

Provided soldiers and supplies Cotton exports through Mexico Beef and horses for Confederate army Protected Confederate supply lines

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Battle Analysis Activity

Choose one Texas Civil War battle Research the key facts Create a one-minute presentation Include: date, location, outcome, significance

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The End of the Civil War in Texas

Last Confederate state to surrender June 19, 1865 - 'Juneteenth' Union troops arrived in Galveston Slavery officially ended in Texas

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Juneteenth Proclamation

'The people of Texas are informed that, in accordance with a proclamation from the Executive of the United States, all slaves are free.' - General Gordon Granger, June 19, 1865

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Challenges After the War

Economy in ruins Former slaves needed education and jobs Political system had to be rebuilt Social tensions were high

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Presidential vs. Congressional Reconstruction

{"left":"Lincoln and Johnson's lenient plans\nQuick readmission to Union\nFew protections for freed slaves\nLocal white control maintained","right":"Radical Republicans' strict plans\nMilitary occupation required\nStrong civil rights protections\nBlack political participation encouraged"}

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Military Reconstruction in Texas

Texas placed in Military District No. 5 General Philip Sheridan in command New state constitution required African Americans gained voting rights

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Constitution Comparison

Compare Texas constitutions: Pre-Civil War (1845) vs. Reconstruction (1869) Look for changes in: Voting rights, slavery, federal vs. state power

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