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Sedimentary Rocks Quiz
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Sedimentary Rocks Quiz
Read each question carefully. Use your knowledge of sediment, rock layers, and fossils to solve the challenges. For written responses, explain your thinking.
1.A fossil shell is enclosed in a sedimentary rock layer. What is the best inference?
- The shell was buried by sediment that later became rock.
- The shell melted and cooled inside the rock.
- The shell formed from cooled lava.
- The rock layer must be younger than every layer above it.
2.A student finds a rock made of sand-sized grains cemented together. Which sedimentary rock is the most likely match?
- Sandstone
- Granite
- Marble
- Obsidian
3.Weathering breaks rock into smaller pieces, while erosion carries sediment from one place to another.
TrueFalse
4.Number these events from 1 to 4 to show one common way sedimentary rock forms: sediment settles in a new place; rock breaks apart; pressure presses layers together; sediment is carried away.
5.Match each geology term to what happens during that process.
- Weathering
- Erosion
- Deposition
- Compaction
- Sediment is transported.
- Layers of sediment are pressed together.
- Sediment settles in a new place.
- Rock is broken into smaller pieces.
6.When sediment is dropped and settles in a new place, the process is called .
7.Over time, pressure can cause , pressing sediment layers together.
8.Select both sedimentary rocks from this list: limestone, granite, shale, marble.
- Limestone
- Granite
- Shale
- Marble
9.Sedimentary rocks can have several layers. Explain how layers can form at different times, and give one example of what a layer might contain.
10.Describe how the remains of a sea animal could become a fossil in sedimentary rock. Include burial by sediment and the passage of time in your explanation.
11.A rock sample has a rough texture and contains grains of different sizes. Explain how these observations could support identifying it as sedimentary rock.
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