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Matter States and Changes

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Matter States and Changes

A science team is investigating water during a day in Aotearoa New Zealand. Use the written particle descriptions and your knowledge of matter to explain what happens as energy is transferred. Answer all questions; use particle ideas in your explanations.

Model the particles

Particle descriptions for Questions 1–3: In a solid, particles are closely packed and vibrate in fixed positions. In a liquid, particles are close together and can move past one another. In a gas, particles are far apart and move freely in all directions.

1.Which statement best describes matter?
  • Anything that has mass and occupies space
  • Anything that can be seen
  • Only substances that are solid
  • Anything that contains heat
2.Compare the particles in a solid and a gas. Describe their spacing and how they move.
3.In which state do particles usually have the greatest freedom of movement?
  • Solid
  • Liquid
  • Gas
  • Particles move equally freely in all three states

Follow the energy

Changes of state happen when energy is transferred. A change of state is a physical change: the substance itself remains the same.

4.Match each change of state to the correct description.
  • Melting
  • Freezing
  • Evaporation
  • Condensation
  • Liquid changes into gas at its surface
  • Solid changes into liquid
  • Gas changes into liquid
  • Liquid changes into solid
5.Mere leaves an ice cube on a sunny windowsill. It melts into liquid water. What happens to the water particles as the ice absorbs energy?
6.A pot of water is heated until it boils. Explain why bubbles of water vapour form throughout the liquid, rather than only at the surface.
7.True or false: When water evaporates, its particles change into a different substance.
TrueFalse
8.On a cold morning, droplets appear on the outside of a glass filled with iced water. Name the change of state and explain where the droplets came from.
9.A student says, “When water evaporates, it disappears.” Use particle theory to improve this explanation.

3 printable pages

  • Matter States and Changes, page 1 of 3: Model the particles

    Page 1

  • Matter States and Changes, page 2 of 3: Follow the energy

    Page 2

  • Matter States and Changes, page 3 of 3: 9. A student says, “When water evaporates, it disappears.” Use particle theory to improve…

    Page 3

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