Molecular Structure Exploration
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Molecular Structure Exploration
Evidence: electron pairs and molecular shape
In a simple model, each covalent bond is a shared pair of electrons. Electron pairs around a central atom repel one another and spread out. A lone pair is not shared; it repels more strongly than a bonding pair. In CO₂, the central carbon is joined to each oxygen by a double bond and has no lone pairs.
- Electrons are transferred from oxygen to hydrogen.
- One or more pairs of electrons are shared between the atoms.
- Positive and negative ions attract in a giant lattice.
- The atoms are held together by metallic bonding.
- CH₄ (methane)
- NH₃ (ammonia)
- H₂O (water)
- Bent
- Tetrahedral
- Trigonal pyramidal
- Covalent bonds within each molecule
- Intermolecular forces between molecules
- Ionic bonds between hydrogen and oxygen
- Metallic bonds between water molecules
3 printable pages
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Page 3
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