ELEMENT

Definition: Made of only ONE type of atom

Atomic Arrangement: All atoms are identical

Examples:

• Gold (Au) • Oxygen (O₂) • Carbon (C) • Helium (He)

Visual Cue: ○ ○ ○ ○ (all same atoms)

COMPOUND

Definition: Made of TWO OR MORE different types of atoms chemically bonded

Atomic Arrangement: Different atoms joined together in fixed ratios

Examples:

• Water (H₂O) • Salt (NaCl) • Carbon dioxide (CO₂) • Sugar (C₆H₁₂O₆)

Visual Cue: ○-● ○-● ○-● (different atoms bonded)

MIXTURE

Definition: Two or more substances physically combined (NOT chemically bonded)

Atomic Arrangement: Elements and/or compounds mixed together but not bonded

Examples:

• Air • Salt water • Trail mix • Sand and iron filings

Visual Cue: ○ ● ○-● ○ (separate particles mixed)

IRON

Definition: A pure element

Chemical Formula: Fe

Atomic Arrangement: All atoms are identical

Visual Cue: ○ (same atoms)

SALT WATER

Definition: A mixture of salt and water

Chemical Formula: NaCl (dissolved in H₂O)

Atomic Arrangement: Different substances mixed together

Visual Cue: ○ ● (separate particles mixed)

SUGAR

Definition: A compound made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

Chemical Formula: C₆H₁₂O₆

Atomic Arrangement: Different atoms joined together in fixed ratios

Visual Cue: ○-● ○-● (different atoms bonded)

AIR

Definition: A mixture of gases

Chemical Formula: N₂, O₂, CO₂, etc.

Atomic Arrangement: Different gases mixed together

Visual Cue: ○ ● (separate particles mixed)

TABLE SALT

Definition: A compound made of sodium and chlorine

Chemical Formula: NaCl

Atomic Arrangement: Different atoms joined together in fixed ratios

Visual Cue: ○-● (different atoms bonded)