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Toy Car Crash Experiment

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Toy Car Crash Experiment

Standard 4-PS3-3: Ask questions and predict outcomes about energy transfer in collisions

Toy cars colliding experiment illustration

🔬 Part 1: Before the Experiment

📋 Materials

2 toy cars  |  Ramp (book or board)  |  Ruler  |  Tape  |  Flat surface  |  Pencil

1. Hypothesis: What do you predict will happen when a fast-moving toy car crashes into a still toy car? Use the word energy in your answer.

I predict that _______________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

because ______________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

2. Key Concept Check: Circle the correct answer. When two objects collide, energy is:

Created from nothing

Transferred from one object to another

Destroyed completely

Stays only in the first object

📝 Procedure

Step 1: Set up the ramp on a flat surface. Mark a starting line with tape.

Step 2: Place Car B still on the flat surface, 6 inches from the bottom of the ramp.

Step 3: Release Car A from the top of the ramp. Observe the crash.

Step 4: Measure how far each car travels after the crash. Record your results.

Step 5: Repeat from the middle of the ramp. Record your results.

📊 Part 2: Observations & Data

3. Record your measurements after each crash:

Trial 1 (Car A released from TOP of ramp):
  Car A traveled: __________ inches   |   Car B traveled: __________ inches

Trial 2 (Car A released from MIDDLE of ramp):
  Car A traveled: __________ inches   |   Car B traveled: __________ inches

4. In which trial did Car B travel farther after the crash?

Trial 1 — Car A released from the TOP

Trial 2 — Car A released from the MIDDLE

Both trials were the same

5. Check ALL changes you observed during the crash:

Car A slowed down after hitting Car B

Car B started moving after being hit

I heard a sound when the cars collided

Car A completely stopped after the crash

Both cars moved in the same direction

6. Draw what happened during Trial 1. Label Car A, Car B, and use arrows to show direction of movement before and after the crash.

✏️ Part 3: Conclusion & Thinking Deeper

7. What happened to Car A's energy when it crashed into Car B? Use evidence from your data.
8. How did the height of the ramp affect the crash? Explain using the word "speed" and the word "energy."
9. Did your results match your hypothesis? Circle one:   Yes  /  No  /  Partly

Explain: ____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

🌟 Extension Activity (Advanced Learners)

10. Design Challenge: How could you change this experiment to make Car B travel even farther? Describe two changes you would make and explain the science behind each one.

💡 Support Strategies (Differentiation)

Word Bank for support:  energy  |  transfer  |  collision  |  speed  |  force  |  motion  |  ramp

Sentence starters available: "When Car A hit Car B, the energy..."  |  "The faster the car moved, the more..."

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