Array — 12 × 12 = 144 — free printable diagram

What is 12 × 12?

This array is laid out as 12 rows of 12 dots. Counting every dot gives 144, so 12 × 12 = 144.

Rows

12

Columns

12

Total dots

144

Multiplication

12 × 12 = 144

Division

144 ÷ 12 = 12

• Count the rows, then count how many are in each row: 12 rows of 12 makes 12 × 12 = 144.
• As repeated addition that is 12 added 12 times: 12 + 12 + 12 + 12 + 12 + 12 + … = 144.
• The rows and columns match, so turning this array on its side leaves it unchanged: 12 × 12 = 144 either way.
• That also makes 144 a square number — 12² = 144 — and its square root is 12, because 144 ÷ 12 = 12.