Array — 9 × 9 = 81 — free printable diagram

What is 9 × 9?

This array is laid out as 9 rows of 9 dots. Counting every dot gives 81, so 9 × 9 = 81.

Rows

9

Columns

9

Total dots

81

Multiplication

9 × 9 = 81

Division

81 ÷ 9 = 9

• Count the rows, then count how many are in each row: 9 rows of 9 makes 9 × 9 = 81.
• As repeated addition that is 9 added 9 times: 9 + 9 + 9 + 9 + 9 + 9 + … = 81.
• The rows and columns match, so turning this array on its side leaves it unchanged: 9 × 9 = 81 either way.
• That also makes 81 a square number — 9² = 81 — and its square root is 9, because 81 ÷ 9 = 9.