Energy Concepts Worksheet

Kia ora! Whakarongo mai — let's explore energy! 🌟

Name:

Date:

Class:

🎯 WALT (We Are Learning To)

Explain the difference between kinetic energy (the energy of movement) and potential energy (stored energy), and calculate kinetic energy using a formula.

✅ Success Criteria — I can:

☐ Define kinetic energy and potential energy in my own words
☐ Give a real-world example of each type of energy
☐ Use the kinetic energy formula: KE = ½ × m × v²

📖 Key Words — Kuputaka

Kinetic energy (KE) — energy an object has because it is moving
Potential energy (PE) — energy that is stored (e.g., due to height or position)
Joule (J) — the unit of energy
Mass (m) — measured in kilograms (kg)
Velocity (v) — speed in a direction, measured in metres per second (m/s)

📚 Part 1: Multiple Choice — Titiro mai!

Circle the best answer for each question.

1. Which of the following is the best example of kinetic energy?

A book sitting on a shelf

A ball rolling down a hill

A stretched rubber band

Water stored in a dam

2. A rock is held at the top of a cliff. What type of energy does it mainly have?

Kinetic energy

Chemical energy

Gravitational potential energy

Electrical energy

3. Which formula correctly calculates kinetic energy?

KE = m × g × h

KE = ½ × m × v²

KE = m × v

KE = F × d

4. As a skateboarder rolls down a ramp, what energy change is happening?

Kinetic energy → Potential energy

Chemical energy → Kinetic energy

Potential energy → Kinetic energy

No energy change occurs

✏️ Part 2: Short Answer — Whakaaro mai!

Answer each question using full sentences. Ka pai for trying your best!

5. In your own words, explain the difference between kinetic energy and potential energy. Give one real-life example of each.

6. A ball is thrown into the air. Describe what happens to its kinetic energy and potential energy as it rises. What happens when it comes back down?

💡 Hint: Think about what happens to speed and height as it moves.

7. Fill in the blanks using the words in the box below.

Kinetic energy is the energy of _________________ objects. Potential energy is _________________ energy. When an object is lifted to a greater _________________, its gravitational _________________ energy increases. Both types of energy are measured in _________________.

🔢 Part 3: Calculation — Tātai!

Show ALL working. Use the formula: KE = ½ × m × v²

8. A rugby ball has a mass of 0.4 kg and is kicked at a velocity of 15 m/s. Calculate its kinetic energy.

💡 Scaffolding support:

Step 1 — Write the formula: KE = ½ × m × v²
Step 2 — Substitute values: KE = ½ × _______ × (_______)²
Step 3 — Solve: KE = _______________________
Step 4 — Write units: KE = _____________ J