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Statistics Relationships Quiz

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Statistics Relationships Quiz

Choose the best option for each multiple-choice question. For written questions, show your thinking and use evidence from the data where relevant. Correlation describes how two variables vary together; it does not, by itself, show that one variable causes the other.

Multiple Choice and True or False

1.Which description best matches a positive association between two variables?

As one variable tends to rise, the other tends to fall.
As one variable tends to rise, the other also tends to rise.
The variables always have identical values.
The variables show no pattern at all.

2.True or false: A correlation between two variables is enough to prove that a change in one causes a change in the other.

TrueFalse

3.A researcher wants to compare how spread out two sets of numerical results are. Which measure is most directly useful?

Mean
Median
Standard deviation
Mode

4.A correlation coefficient of −0.82 is best described as:

A strong negative association
A weak positive association
No association
A perfect positive association

5.True or false: If one data set has a higher mean than another, it must also have a higher median.

TrueFalse

Data Interpretation and Short Answers

Team

Game 1

Game 2

Game 3

Game 4

Game 5

Game 6

Game 7

Game 8

Game 9

Game 10

Team K

Team M

6.Using the netball results in the table, which team was more consistent in the number of goals scored? Support your answer by comparing the spread of the results.

7.A survey finds that pupils who bring a water bottle to school tend to report fewer headaches. Does this finding prove that bringing a bottle prevents headaches? Explain one reason for your answer.

8.A group records the heights and shoe lengths of several teenagers. What kind of association would you expect between these variables? Explain briefly.

9.Two groups took the same assessment. Group R had a mean score of 74% and a standard deviation of 12. Group S had a mean score of 70% and a standard deviation of 6. Compare their average results and consistency.

10.The correlation coefficient for study time and quiz score is 0.62. Describe the direction and strength of the association, and state what the coefficient does not prove.

Extension: Plan a Small Investigation

Choose two variables that could be related. Describe a testable hypothesis, how you would gather data, the association you expect to see, and one possible confounding variable.

11.Write a brief investigation plan about two variables of your choice. Include a hypothesis, a suitable way to collect data, the relationship you expect, and one possible confounding variable.