1. A scientist caught and tagged 50 fish from Clearwater Lake. Of these fish, 12 were bass, 18 were trout, and 20 were catfish. If there are approximately 2,000 fish in the entire lake, about how many bass would you expect to find?

2. A grocery store manager surveyed 25 customers about their favorite fruit. The results were: 8 chose apples, 10 chose bananas, 4 chose oranges, and 3 chose grapes. If the store serves about 500 customers per day, approximately how many customers would prefer bananas?

3. A park ranger counted birds in 5 different areas of a national park. She found an average of 24 birds per area. If the entire park has 80 similar areas, what is a reasonable estimate for the total bird population?

4. In a sample of 40 students from Lincoln Elementary, 16 students walk to school, 14 take the bus, 8 get dropped off by car, and 2 ride bikes. If there are 320 students in the entire school, predict how many students take the bus.

5. Sarah wants to find out what pets are most popular in her town. Which sampling method would give her the BEST information about the entire population?

6. A candy company tested a new flavor with 100 people. 75 people said they liked it. The company concluded that 75% of ALL people would like the new flavor. What might be wrong with this conclusion?

7. Look at this situation: A school cafeteria surveyed 30 students on Monday about their favorite lunch. 20 students chose pizza. The cafeteria manager ordered pizza for 400 out of 600 students for Friday. Do you think this was a good decision? Explain your reasoning.

8. A factory produces 1,000 light bulbs per day. Quality control tests 50 bulbs and finds 3 are defective. Based on this sample, about how many defective bulbs would you expect in the entire day's production? Show your work and explain your thinking.

9. A wildlife biologist counted monarch butterflies at 4 observation points during migration. The counts were: Point A: 45 butterflies, Point B: 52 butterflies, Point C: 38 butterflies, Point D: 41 butterflies. If there are 25 similar observation points along the migration route, estimate the total number of monarch butterflies.

10. Based on your answer above, if only 60% of the butterflies successfully complete their migration, how many butterflies would reach their destination?

11. A town wants to know if residents support building a new playground. They survey 80 families and find that 56 support the idea. If there are 1,200 families in the town, write a prediction about how the entire town feels about the playground. Include the number who might support it and explain whether you think this is a reliable prediction.