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Energy Calculations Worksheet

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Energy Calculations Worksheet

Use g = 10 m/s². Gravitational potential energy: GPE = mgh. For kinetic energy and power, use the appropriate equations. Mass (m) is measured in kilograms (kg), height (h) in metres (m), speed (v) in metres per second (m/s), time (t) in seconds (s), energy (E) in the standard SI energy unit, and power (P) in watts (W). Show your working and include units.

Formulas and units

1.Match each symbol with its meaning: m, g, h, and v.

speed
height
mass
gravitational field strength

2.Which formula calculates the energy of a moving vehicle?

GPE = mgh
KE = ½mv²
P = E ÷ t

3.Choose the unit used to measure energy.

Joules (J)
Watts (W)
Kilograms (kg)
Newtons (N)

Calculate energy and power

Use g = 10 m/s² for each question. Include units in your answers.

4.A 4 kg bag rests on a platform 3 m above the ground. Calculate its gravitational potential energy.

5.A 50 kg cyclist travels at 6 m/s. Calculate the cyclist’s kinetic energy.

6.A machine transfers 1,800 J of energy in 9 s. Calculate its power.

7.A 3 kg stone falls from a height of 4 m. Calculate its gravitational potential energy before it falls. If all of this energy becomes kinetic energy just before impact, calculate its speed then.

8.A 2 kg model rocket moves at 15 m/s. Calculate its kinetic energy.

9.A 12 kg equipment crate is lifted vertically by 2.5 m. Calculate the gravitational potential energy it gains.

Energy in everyday situations

10.A skateboard rolls down a ramp. Explain why it has more kinetic energy near the bottom than near the top, using the terms GPE and KE.

11.Two people each do 600 J of work lifting a load. One takes 12 s and the other takes 24 s. Who produces greater power? Explain using a calculation.

12.Water with a mass of 400 kg is held 25 m above a hydroelectric turbine. Calculate its GPE. Then describe how the water’s energy can become electrical energy.

13.An irrigation channel carries water from a higher field to a lower one. Explain how gravity provides energy for the water to flow, and give one way understanding energy and power could help people use water sustainably.