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Separation Techniques & Density

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Separation Techniques & Density

Choose the best response for each multiple-choice question. For calculations, show your work and include units. For written responses, explain your reasoning.

Separation Techniques

1.A sample contains gravel mixed with water. Which method is best for removing the gravel from the water?

Filtration
Evaporation
Paper chromatography
Distillation

2.A mixture of two liquids forms separate layers after it is left undisturbed. Which property is most directly useful when separating the layers by decanting?

Their densities differ
Their boiling points are identical
Their colors are different
Their particles are the same size

3.Select both methods that can separate parts of a mixture by differences in particle size.

Sieving
Filtration
Evaporation
Distillation

4.Liquid X has a density of 0.74 g/mL, and liquid Y has a density of 1.05 g/mL. If they do not dissolve in each other, which liquid will form the upper layer?

Liquid X
Liquid Y
Neither; they must form one layer
The layer position cannot be related to density

Density Calculations

Use density = mass ÷ volume. Include the correct units in each result.

5.A metal sample has a mass of 63.0 g and a volume of 7.5 mL. Calculate its density in g/mL. Show your work.

6.A liquid has a mass of 19.2 g and occupies 24.0 mL. Calculate its density in g/mL. Show your work.

7.Using the two densities you calculated, which sample would float on water with a density of 1.00 g/mL? Explain how you know.

Plan a Separation

8.A mixture contains iron filings, sand, table salt, and vegetable oil. The iron is magnetic; sand and iron do not dissolve in water; salt dissolves in water; and oil does not mix with water. Describe an ordered procedure to recover each component separately. Name the technique used at each stage and explain why it works.

9.Explain how density can help a scientist choose a separation method. Give two specific examples involving mixtures or materials.